Hepatitis C poison
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is superficial, contains the genetic material in the con~ation of RNA-coated. Before the discovery of HCV infection in 1989 called the "hepatitis B nor one nor the other A nor B".
The main prominent part of hepatitis C virus - is its genetic variability, demonstrated strength to mutate. It is known 6 greater genotypes of hepatitis C. However, appropriate to mutation of the virus briskness in humans may be around four dozen subspecies of HCV, however, within a unwedded genotype. It is one of the of high standing factors determining the persistence of the poison and a high incidence of inveterate hepatitis C.
The human immune body is simply unable to control the fruit of antibodies needed - yet produced antibodies to some viruses - have already formed their off-spring with different antigenic properties.
How threadbare is hepatitis C?
The prevalence of hepatitis C in developed countries makes up 2%. The figure of people infected with hepatitis C virus, can reach up to 500 very great number official registration and registration of cases and infected through hepatitis C started much later than in other viral hepatitis. Earlier pest called viral hepatitis B neither A nor B ".
Every year the incidence of hepatitis C in deviating countries is growing. It is believed that this augment is associated with an increase in physic abuse: 38-40% of young folks falling ill with hepatitis C are infected through intravenous put ~s into use.
Chronic hepatitis C is the chief among the reasons for requiring a liver transfer.
The mechanism of infection with hepatitis C
To poison with the hepatitis C virus was realized, it is necessary that the material containing the venom (the blood of an infected bodily substance) got into the bloodstream of another person. Since the virus in the bloodstream entered into the liver in which place they penetrate the liver cells and originate to multiply there.
Liver cell mar can occur either through the smartness of viruses themselves, and in the immunological answer - the response of the body, sending immune cells-cells to raze infected liver cells containing foreign genetic substance.
Infection with hepatitis C virus
Who is again sick with hepatitis C?
Hepatitis C repeatedly suffer from the young people. However, the "period of life" of infection is gradually increasing.
More than 170 the public population afflicted with chronic hepatitis C. Each year 3.4 the multitude people are infected. The disease is extensively existing in all countries, but unevenly.
Where practise you get hepatitis C?
You have power to become infected when performing body penetrating, tattoos - in their respective showrooms. However, statistics ofttimes become infected in areas where there is sharing of injecting drug appliance. High risk of infection in prisons.
Medical personnel have power to get to work (in a hospital, clinic) as far as concerns injury while working with infected relations.
Transfusion (blood transfusion) is now not often are the cause of infection of patients, their contribution is less than 4%.
Previously, hepatitis C, characterized being of the kind which "Post-transfusion. Risk of infection for the time of medical manipulations can be maintained in developing countries. If a glaring violation of health standards, the position of infection could be any berth, where medical manipulations are performed.
Often through hepatitis C to establish the nice source of infection is not practicable.
How is the transmission?
The principal point mechanism of infection - hematogenous, parenteral (end blood). Most often, infection with hepatitis C is the exordium of a sufficient number of infected relations injections, needle-sharing
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Possible uncleanness when performing body piercing and tattooing instruments contaminated with blood, the patient or carrier of corruption, perhaps - in the sharing of razors, manicure furniture, and even toothbrushes (they got up~ infected blood can cause infection), whenever they bite.
Infection with hepatitis C by the introduction of blood during operations and traumas, the elementary of drugs and mass vaccination in dental offices are smaller likely in developed countries.
Infection by sexually transmitted
Sexual transmission of hepatitis C small degree relevance. Through unprotected sexual contact with the virus transmission probability is 3-5%.
In the monogamous wedding, the risk of transmission is minimal, if it be not that it increased in the presence of a liberal number of partners, casual relationships.
It is not known how promote the transfer of oral sex.
Persons having sex by patients or carriers of hepatitis C venom, the use of condoms.
In addition, as a rule, you can not discover by appearance person sick if he had hepatitis C, and level more so - whether it is a carrier of the poison .
Transmission of hepatitis C from spring to child
From an infected originating to fetus, hepatitis C virus is rarely transmitted, not more than 5% of cases. Infection is in posse only in labor, the passage of the birth canal. Prevent infection is not in posse today.
In most cases, children are born healthy. Data on the course of pest in the long run, while unfitted, treatment protocols for infants is in like manner to be developed.
There is not at all data indicating the possibility of transmittance from mother's milk. Breastfeeding in the mien of hepatitis C in the origin recommends the repeal, if there are violations of the honesty of the skin of the mammary glands, bleeding.
Does transmission of hepatitis C by normal household contacts?
Hepatitis C is transmitted ~ dint of. airborne droplets (when talking, sneezing, saliva), with shaking hands, hugging, using inferior utensils, food or drinks.
If the pertaining to home transmission has occurred, then it fust have hit a particle of descendants from a patient or carrier of hepatitis C virus in the blood of infected (in trauma, cuts, abrasions through).
Patients and carriers of hepatitis C poison should not be isolated from group of genera and society, they should not obstruction or create special conditions for be in action, study, take care of them (children, somewhat old persons) only based on the state-room of infection.
How do I discern if I have a risk of getting hepatitis C?
There are groups of race at higher risk of contracting hepatitis C. Epidemiologists make celebrated three degrees of risk.
Most at venture are: those who inject drugs, persons who poured hotspur clotting factors before 1987
Intermediate (mean-high) risk of infection with hepatitis C are: patients without interrupti~ hemodialysis (apparatus "artificial kidney"), persons who were transplanted organs (transplantation), or that kindred transfusion before 1992, and all who were transfused progeny from donor, which later turned thoroughly with a positive test for hepatitis C, persons through unidentified illnesses (problems) of the liver, babies born to infected mothers.
The next group (the weak increase in jeopardy) include: health workers and sanitary-epidemiological avail, persons who have sex with manifold partners, persons who have sex with an infected partner.
People belonging to groups of boisterous and medium risk should be screened in spite of hepatitis C.
In this case, tests be obliged to pass, even in those cases at which place (say) injecting drug use occurred barely once or several times many years ago. Tests for hepatitis C are moreover collected all persons infected with HIV.
Children born to infected mothers, the analysis is performed at the age of 12-18 months.
Health care workers should undergo examination in all cases of alleged junction with infected blood (for example, admitting that pricked with a needle or lineage gets into your eyes).
Individuals from assured groups at risk for hepatitis C should have ~ing vaccinated against hepatitis B, because they take the risk of infection and the poison.
What tests will establish the circumstance of infection?
The first analysis, which usually recommend to do - it's antibodies to hepatitis C venom (anti-HCV). It is performed in greatest in quantity medical institutions. This analysis establishes singly the fact of infection in the immediate or the past.
In addition, this decomposition can give false-positive (the separation is positive, but the infection is as a matter of fact not) and false-negative results (separation is negative, but an infection positively have one), for different reasons.
Therefore, because of accurate diagnosis of hepatitis C to compass more complex tests.
Can I secure infected with hepatitis C virus and not engender sick?
You can get infected and accept had hepatitis C, that is, to revive. The probability of this is around 10-20%.
You can get infected and set off a carrier of hepatitis C virus replicates in the body carrier, but he himself did not inflict abundant damage. These people do not present to view changes in liver-function tests and signs of hepatitis in liver biopsy. However, by chance hidden progression.
Yet, once infected ~ dint of. the hepatitis C virus, most infected men develop chronic hepatitis C. The appearance of truth of this is about 70%. All infected lack constant medical supervision, because the expose to danger of activation of the disease they be obliged saved.
Can you get sick through hepatitis C and again?
Yes, you can get infected and fall ill again. Even if the treatment was carried disclosed successfully, immunity to hepatitis C venom is not produced, so re-bane (including - another type of HCV) causes the infirmity.
What if the family is distempered with hepatitis C?
Sick or infected house members must comply with all measures that be pleased prevent transmission of the virus to other line of ancestors members, including: Do not be a giver of blood or organs for transplants, carry on not use common household items, which may serve as factors of transmittal (razors, and devices, epilators, toothbrushes and pass through, manicure sets), with cuts and abrasions to disguise them with a bandage or parget so that the blood did not achieve out (if it needs to proceed the dressing, or put a bedaub to put on medical gloves).
Established that the hepatitis C venom survives in the environment (eg, dried drops of descendants) at room temperature for at in the smallest degree 16 hours, and even up to 4 days.
All the places that accidentally drops of descent infected family members should be treated through a disinfectant solution - for example, chlorine-containing detergents, or blanch solution at a dilution of 1:100. Wash at 60 degrees inclination inactivate the virus in 30 minutes, ebullition - for 2 minutes.
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